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英护班医学英语考试试题
英护班医学英语考试试题
大家试着做一下
英语护士班医学英语试题
Part 1 please select the answer that closest in meaning with the root
1. medico- in【medical, medicate, medication】means:
A. human
B. sanatory
C. steroid
D. medicine
2. -logy in【adenology, bacteriology, morphology】means:
A. medulla
B. information
C. the study of
D. division
3. cyto- in【cytology, cytopathology, agranulocytosis】means:
A. adrenaline
B. blood
C. cell
D. stress
4. histo- in【histology, histocyte, histotome】means:
A. tissue
B. processes
C. carbon
D. medicine
5. endo- in【endotoxin, endocrinology, endothelium】means
A. inner
B. outer
C. upper
D. lower
6. crino- or –crine in【endocrine, endocrinology, exocrine】means:
A. secretion
B. phenomena
C. color
D. hemoglobin
7. hemato-, hemo-, -em- in【hemodialysis, hematologist,anemia】means:
A. blood
B. tissue
C. skin
D. head
8. immuno- in【immunology, immunodeficiency, immunoassay】means:
A. resistance
B. nucleus
C. science
D. medicine
9. psycho- in【psychology, psychoactivity, psychotherapy】means:
A. head
B. heart
C. mind
D. brain
10. musculo- in【muscular, musculoskeletal, muscularity】means:
A. bone
B. muscle
C. tissue
D. stomach
11. spir- spiro- in【respiration, perspiration, respirometry】means:
A. beat
B. breathe
C. move
D. sense
12. urino- or urin- or uro- or –uria in【urogenital, urology, hematuria】means:
A. feces
B. urine
C. saliva
D. diaphoresis
13. cardio- or cardi- in【endocarditis, cardiology, myocardial】means:
A. brain
B. stomach
C. intestine
D. heart
14. –let in【droplet, piglet, booklet 】means:
A. small
B. large
C. of
D. in
15. patho-, -pathy in【pathology, hepatopathy, pathophysiology】means:
A. normal
B. disease
C. variation
D. colon
16. –therapy in【chemotherapy, radiotherapy, physiotherapy】means:
A. term
B. treatment
C. instrument
D. examination
17. hepato- in【hepatitis, hepatology, hepatopathy】means:
A. pancreas
B. lung
C. liver
D. intestine
18. mammo- in【mammary, mammography, mammoplasty】means:
A. mather
B. breast
C. nipple
D. joint
19. angio- in【angiitis, angioplasty, angioma】means:
A. vessel
B. blood
C. lymph
D. heart
20. phago- or –phagia in【phagocyte, dysphagia, phagocytosis】means:
A. swollow
B. eat
C. expel
D. inhale
21. stetho- in【stethoscope, stethalgia,stethometer】means:
A. back
B. abdomen
C. chest
D. foot
22. arterio- in【arteritis,arteriole,arteriovenous】means:
A. artery
B. vein
C. lymph vessel
D. thoracic duct
23. dermato- or dermo- in【dermatology, dermatitis, dermoid】means:
A. fiber
B. gland
C. hair
D. skin
24. dys- in【dysfunction, dystrophy, dysuria】means:
A. no
B. difficult
C. easy
D. absent
25. –ectomy in【appendectomy, gastrectomy, hepatectomy】means:
A. inflammation
B. remove
C. open
D. close
26. fibro- in【fibroma, fibroblast, fibrin】means:
A. muscle
B. fiber
C. bone
D. skin
27. myo- in【myocardial, myoma, myopathy】means:
A. muscle
B. fiber
C. bone
D. skin
28. neuro- in【neurology, neuritis, neurosurgery】means:
A. nerve
B. muscle
C. brain
D. spleen
29. –oma in【fibroma, thymoma, myoma】means:
A. tumor
B. disease
C. cancer
D. disorder
30. sarco- in【sarcoma, sarcoid, myosarcoma】means:
A. muscle
B. flesh
C. SARS
D. Tendon
31.polio-in【poliomyelitis, poliomyelopathy, polioclastic】means:
A. green
B. grey
C. yellow
D. red
32. thymo- in【thymocyte, thymoma, thymectomy】means:
A. thorax
B. chest
C. thumus
D. abdomen
33. oculo- in【extraocular, oculomotor, oculus dexter】means:
A. chest
B. ear
C. nose
D. eye
34. erythro- in【erythrocyte, erythema, erythromycin】means:
A. green
B. grey
C. yellow
D. red
35. leuko- in【leukemia, leukocyte, leucomycin 】means:
A. green
B. white
C. red
D. yellow
36. vasculo- in【vascular, vasculitis, vascularity】means:
A. muscle
B. bone
C. vessel
D. heart
37. arthro- in【arthritis, arthrology, arthrodynia 】means:
A. ligament
B. cartilage
C. joint
D. tendon
38. chondro- in【chondritis, chondroblast, hypochondium】means:
A. ligament
B. cartilage
C. tendon
D. joint
39. cranio- in【cranial, intracranial, cranioscopy】means:
A. head
B. brain
C. skull
D. scalp
40. costo- in【intercostal, costochondral】means:
A. chest
B. rib
C. lung
D. trachea
41. osteo- in【osteoblast, osteoclast, osteodynia】means:
A. muscle
B. bone
C. rib
D. thymus
42. cortico- in【corticospinal, corticotropin, corticosteroid】means:
A. cortex
B. medulla
C. gland
D. steroid
43. bio- in【biology, biochemistry, antibiotics】means:
A. biceps
B. abiosis
C. living things
D. amorphous
44. –itis in【gastritis, hepatitis,enteritis】means:
A. disease
B. infection
C. inflammation
D. disorder
45. entero- in【enteritis, enteropathy, gastroenteritis】means:
A. stomach
B. intestine
C. large bowel
D. colon
46. procto- in【proctitis, proctology, proctosope 】means:
A. bowel
B. rectum
C. peritoneum
D. genital
47. linguo- in【sublingual, bilingual, lingual】means:
A. tongue
B. tooth
C. mouth
D. oral cavity
48. spleno- in【splenectomy, splenomegaly, splenic 】means:
A. liver
B. lung
C. pancreas
D. spleen
49. colo- in【colitis, colectomy, colostomy】means:
A. liver
B. intestine
C. colon
D. rectum
50. cyano- in【cyanosis, cyanopathy】means:
A. blue
B. grey
C. fast
D. slow
Part 2 translate the following underlined words or phrases into Chinese
Arthritis. In general, arthritis means inflammation of a joint. The most common form is osteoarthritis【51】 or degenerative joint disease (DJD)【52】. This is a gradual degeneration of articular (joint) cartilage due to wear-and-tear【53】. It usually appears at midlife and beyond and involves the weight bearing joints and joints of the fingers. X-rays shows narrowing of the joint cavity and thickening of the bone. The cartilage may crack and break loose, causing inflammation in the joint and exposing the underlying bone. Osteoarthritis is treated with analgesics to relieve pain, anti-inflammatory agents, such as corticosteroids【54】, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drags (NSAIDs).
Rheumatoid arthritis【55】 is a systemic inflammatory disease of the joints that commonly appears in young adult women. Its exact causes are unknown, but it may involve immunologic reactions【56】. A group of antibodies called rheumatoid factor often appears in the blood, but is not always specific for rheumatoid arthritis, as it may occur in other systemic diseases as well. There is an overgrowth of the synovial membrane【57】 that lines the joint cavity. As this covers and destroys the joint cartilage, synovial fluid accumulates, causing swelling of the joint. There is degeneration of the underlying bone, eventually cuasing fusion of the bones, or ankylosis【58】. Treatment includes rest, physical therapy, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drags.
51. 52. 53. 54.
55. 56. 57. 58.
The most common sites for cancer of the Gl tract are the colon and rectum. Together these colorectal 【59】cancers rank among the most frequent causes of deaths in the United States. A diet low in fiber and calcium and high in fat is a major risk factor in colorectal cancer. Heredity is also a factor, as is chronic inflammation of the colon. Polyps 【60】(growths)in the intestine often become cancerous and should be removed. Often this can be accomplished by endoscopy【61】. Bleeding into the intestine is a sign of cancer and can be tested for in the stool. Because this blood may be present in very small amounts it is described as occult blood【62】. Colorectal cancers are staged according to Dukes' classification, ranging from A to D according to severity. The interior of the intestine can be observed with various endoscopes named for the specific area in which they are used, such as proctoscope (rectum), sigmoidoscope 【63】(sigmoid colon), or colonoscope (colon). In some areas of cancer, it may be necessary to surgically remove a portion of the gastrointestinal tract and create a stoma (opening)on the abdominal wall for elimination of waste. Such ostomy surgery is named for the organ involved, such as ileostomy【64】 (ileum)or colostomy (colon). When a connection is formed between two organs of the tract, both are included in naming, for instance, gastroduodenostomy【65】 (stomach and duodenum)or coloproctostomy【66】 (colon and rectum).
59. 60. 61. 62
63. 64. 65. 66.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 【67】(COPD) is a rather broad term used to describe simple chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive bronchitis, asthmatic bronchitis and emphysema【68】, for it is convenient to describe various combinations of these disorders that may coexist, for instance, patients often have chronic obstructive bronchitis as well as emphysema.
Unfortunately, chronic bronchitis has been used variably to refer to a simple smoker's cough or, as in the British literature, to severe COPD. In this discussion, chronic bronchitis will be considered "simple," "obstructive," or "asthmatic" to reduce ambiguity. It is useful clinically to differentiate between the extremely common simple chronic bronchitis and the less common but often devastating form of chronic obstructive bronchitis.
Simple chronic bronchitis, a syndrome characterized primarily by a chronic productive cough【69】, is the result of low-grade exposure to bronchial irritants in an individual without hyperreactive airways. This syndrome is associated with enhanced mucous secretion, reduced ciliary activity, and impaired resistance to bronchial infection. Simple chronic bronchitis is defined in clinical terms: (1)excessive production of mucus【70】; (2)presence of symptoms, largely cough, on most days for at least three months annnally during two or more successive years; (3)exclusion of bronchiectasis【71】, tuberculosis【72】, or other causes of these symptoms. The term does not describe the underlying process, which may vary widely. The patient population ranges from those who are asymptomatic【73】 except for a morning "cigarette cough" productive of mucus in small amounts (simple chronic bronchitis)to patients with a severe disabling condition manifested by increased resistance to airflow, hypoxia【74】, and often hypercatnia 【75】(chronic obstructive bronchitis).
67. 68. 69. 70.
71. 72. 73. 74.
75.
大家试着做一下
英语护士班医学英语试题
Part 1 please select the answer that closest in meaning with the root
1. medico- in【medical, medicate, medication】means:
A. human
B. sanatory
C. steroid
D. medicine
2. -logy in【adenology, bacteriology, morphology】means:
A. medulla
B. information
C. the study of
D. division
3. cyto- in【cytology, cytopathology, agranulocytosis】means:
A. adrenaline
B. blood
C. cell
D. stress
4. histo- in【histology, histocyte, histotome】means:
A. tissue
B. processes
C. carbon
D. medicine
5. endo- in【endotoxin, endocrinology, endothelium】means
A. inner
B. outer
C. upper
D. lower
6. crino- or –crine in【endocrine, endocrinology, exocrine】means:
A. secretion
B. phenomena
C. color
D. hemoglobin
7. hemato-, hemo-, -em- in【hemodialysis, hematologist,anemia】means:
A. blood
B. tissue
C. skin
D. head
8. immuno- in【immunology, immunodeficiency, immunoassay】means:
A. resistance
B. nucleus
C. science
D. medicine
9. psycho- in【psychology, psychoactivity, psychotherapy】means:
A. head
B. heart
C. mind
D. brain
10. musculo- in【muscular, musculoskeletal, muscularity】means:
A. bone
B. muscle
C. tissue
D. stomach
11. spir- spiro- in【respiration, perspiration, respirometry】means:
A. beat
B. breathe
C. move
D. sense
12. urino- or urin- or uro- or –uria in【urogenital, urology, hematuria】means:
A. feces
B. urine
C. saliva
D. diaphoresis
13. cardio- or cardi- in【endocarditis, cardiology, myocardial】means:
A. brain
B. stomach
C. intestine
D. heart
14. –let in【droplet, piglet, booklet 】means:
A. small
B. large
C. of
D. in
15. patho-, -pathy in【pathology, hepatopathy, pathophysiology】means:
A. normal
B. disease
C. variation
D. colon
16. –therapy in【chemotherapy, radiotherapy, physiotherapy】means:
A. term
B. treatment
C. instrument
D. examination
17. hepato- in【hepatitis, hepatology, hepatopathy】means:
A. pancreas
B. lung
C. liver
D. intestine
18. mammo- in【mammary, mammography, mammoplasty】means:
A. mather
B. breast
C. nipple
D. joint
19. angio- in【angiitis, angioplasty, angioma】means:
A. vessel
B. blood
C. lymph
D. heart
20. phago- or –phagia in【phagocyte, dysphagia, phagocytosis】means:
A. swollow
B. eat
C. expel
D. inhale
21. stetho- in【stethoscope, stethalgia,stethometer】means:
A. back
B. abdomen
C. chest
D. foot
22. arterio- in【arteritis,arteriole,arteriovenous】means:
A. artery
B. vein
C. lymph vessel
D. thoracic duct
23. dermato- or dermo- in【dermatology, dermatitis, dermoid】means:
A. fiber
B. gland
C. hair
D. skin
24. dys- in【dysfunction, dystrophy, dysuria】means:
A. no
B. difficult
C. easy
D. absent
25. –ectomy in【appendectomy, gastrectomy, hepatectomy】means:
A. inflammation
B. remove
C. open
D. close
26. fibro- in【fibroma, fibroblast, fibrin】means:
A. muscle
B. fiber
C. bone
D. skin
27. myo- in【myocardial, myoma, myopathy】means:
A. muscle
B. fiber
C. bone
D. skin
28. neuro- in【neurology, neuritis, neurosurgery】means:
A. nerve
B. muscle
C. brain
D. spleen
29. –oma in【fibroma, thymoma, myoma】means:
A. tumor
B. disease
C. cancer
D. disorder
30. sarco- in【sarcoma, sarcoid, myosarcoma】means:
A. muscle
B. flesh
C. SARS
D. Tendon
31.polio-in【poliomyelitis, poliomyelopathy, polioclastic】means:
A. green
B. grey
C. yellow
D. red
32. thymo- in【thymocyte, thymoma, thymectomy】means:
A. thorax
B. chest
C. thumus
D. abdomen
33. oculo- in【extraocular, oculomotor, oculus dexter】means:
A. chest
B. ear
C. nose
D. eye
34. erythro- in【erythrocyte, erythema, erythromycin】means:
A. green
B. grey
C. yellow
D. red
35. leuko- in【leukemia, leukocyte, leucomycin 】means:
A. green
B. white
C. red
D. yellow
36. vasculo- in【vascular, vasculitis, vascularity】means:
A. muscle
B. bone
C. vessel
D. heart
37. arthro- in【arthritis, arthrology, arthrodynia 】means:
A. ligament
B. cartilage
C. joint
D. tendon
38. chondro- in【chondritis, chondroblast, hypochondium】means:
A. ligament
B. cartilage
C. tendon
D. joint
39. cranio- in【cranial, intracranial, cranioscopy】means:
A. head
B. brain
C. skull
D. scalp
40. costo- in【intercostal, costochondral】means:
A. chest
B. rib
C. lung
D. trachea
41. osteo- in【osteoblast, osteoclast, osteodynia】means:
A. muscle
B. bone
C. rib
D. thymus
42. cortico- in【corticospinal, corticotropin, corticosteroid】means:
A. cortex
B. medulla
C. gland
D. steroid
43. bio- in【biology, biochemistry, antibiotics】means:
A. biceps
B. abiosis
C. living things
D. amorphous
44. –itis in【gastritis, hepatitis,enteritis】means:
A. disease
B. infection
C. inflammation
D. disorder
45. entero- in【enteritis, enteropathy, gastroenteritis】means:
A. stomach
B. intestine
C. large bowel
D. colon
46. procto- in【proctitis, proctology, proctosope 】means:
A. bowel
B. rectum
C. peritoneum
D. genital
47. linguo- in【sublingual, bilingual, lingual】means:
A. tongue
B. tooth
C. mouth
D. oral cavity
48. spleno- in【splenectomy, splenomegaly, splenic 】means:
A. liver
B. lung
C. pancreas
D. spleen
49. colo- in【colitis, colectomy, colostomy】means:
A. liver
B. intestine
C. colon
D. rectum
50. cyano- in【cyanosis, cyanopathy】means:
A. blue
B. grey
C. fast
D. slow
Part 2 translate the following underlined words or phrases into Chinese
Arthritis. In general, arthritis means inflammation of a joint. The most common form is osteoarthritis【51】 or degenerative joint disease (DJD)【52】. This is a gradual degeneration of articular (joint) cartilage due to wear-and-tear【53】. It usually appears at midlife and beyond and involves the weight bearing joints and joints of the fingers. X-rays shows narrowing of the joint cavity and thickening of the bone. The cartilage may crack and break loose, causing inflammation in the joint and exposing the underlying bone. Osteoarthritis is treated with analgesics to relieve pain, anti-inflammatory agents, such as corticosteroids【54】, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drags (NSAIDs).
Rheumatoid arthritis【55】 is a systemic inflammatory disease of the joints that commonly appears in young adult women. Its exact causes are unknown, but it may involve immunologic reactions【56】. A group of antibodies called rheumatoid factor often appears in the blood, but is not always specific for rheumatoid arthritis, as it may occur in other systemic diseases as well. There is an overgrowth of the synovial membrane【57】 that lines the joint cavity. As this covers and destroys the joint cartilage, synovial fluid accumulates, causing swelling of the joint. There is degeneration of the underlying bone, eventually cuasing fusion of the bones, or ankylosis【58】. Treatment includes rest, physical therapy, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drags.
51. 52. 53. 54.
55. 56. 57. 58.
The most common sites for cancer of the Gl tract are the colon and rectum. Together these colorectal 【59】cancers rank among the most frequent causes of deaths in the United States. A diet low in fiber and calcium and high in fat is a major risk factor in colorectal cancer. Heredity is also a factor, as is chronic inflammation of the colon. Polyps 【60】(growths)in the intestine often become cancerous and should be removed. Often this can be accomplished by endoscopy【61】. Bleeding into the intestine is a sign of cancer and can be tested for in the stool. Because this blood may be present in very small amounts it is described as occult blood【62】. Colorectal cancers are staged according to Dukes' classification, ranging from A to D according to severity. The interior of the intestine can be observed with various endoscopes named for the specific area in which they are used, such as proctoscope (rectum), sigmoidoscope 【63】(sigmoid colon), or colonoscope (colon). In some areas of cancer, it may be necessary to surgically remove a portion of the gastrointestinal tract and create a stoma (opening)on the abdominal wall for elimination of waste. Such ostomy surgery is named for the organ involved, such as ileostomy【64】 (ileum)or colostomy (colon). When a connection is formed between two organs of the tract, both are included in naming, for instance, gastroduodenostomy【65】 (stomach and duodenum)or coloproctostomy【66】 (colon and rectum).
59. 60. 61. 62
63. 64. 65. 66.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 【67】(COPD) is a rather broad term used to describe simple chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive bronchitis, asthmatic bronchitis and emphysema【68】, for it is convenient to describe various combinations of these disorders that may coexist, for instance, patients often have chronic obstructive bronchitis as well as emphysema.
Unfortunately, chronic bronchitis has been used variably to refer to a simple smoker's cough or, as in the British literature, to severe COPD. In this discussion, chronic bronchitis will be considered "simple," "obstructive," or "asthmatic" to reduce ambiguity. It is useful clinically to differentiate between the extremely common simple chronic bronchitis and the less common but often devastating form of chronic obstructive bronchitis.
Simple chronic bronchitis, a syndrome characterized primarily by a chronic productive cough【69】, is the result of low-grade exposure to bronchial irritants in an individual without hyperreactive airways. This syndrome is associated with enhanced mucous secretion, reduced ciliary activity, and impaired resistance to bronchial infection. Simple chronic bronchitis is defined in clinical terms: (1)excessive production of mucus【70】; (2)presence of symptoms, largely cough, on most days for at least three months annnally during two or more successive years; (3)exclusion of bronchiectasis【71】, tuberculosis【72】, or other causes of these symptoms. The term does not describe the underlying process, which may vary widely. The patient population ranges from those who are asymptomatic【73】 except for a morning "cigarette cough" productive of mucus in small amounts (simple chronic bronchitis)to patients with a severe disabling condition manifested by increased resistance to airflow, hypoxia【74】, and often hypercatnia 【75】(chronic obstructive bronchitis).
67. 68. 69. 70.
71. 72. 73. 74.
75.